Anatomy of an Argument

An argument is a conclusion supported by premises. Most bad thinking starts with not noticing which is which.

Key Concepts

• Find the conclusion first (often signalled by 'therefore', 'so', 'must')
• Premises are the support; hidden premises are where arguments smuggle assumptions
• Valid structure + true premises = sound argument; check both separately
• Deduction guarantees (if premises true); induction generalises probabilistically
• Steelman before criticising: state the strongest version of the opposing view

Try It Yourself

Take one strong opinion you hold and write its conclusion + premises. Then write the steelman of the opposite view in three fair sentences.